CXSecurity WLB-2015040034 6kbbs v8.0 Multiple CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) Web Security Vulnerabilities

CXSecurity WLB-2015040034 6kbbs v8.0 Multiple CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) Web Security Vulnerabilities


Exploit Title: 6kbbs Multiple CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) Security Vulnerabilities
Vendor: 6kbbs
Product: 6kbbs
Vulnerable Versions: v7.1   v8.0
Tested Version: v7.1   v8.0
Advisory Publication: April 02, 2015
Latest Update: April 02, 2015
Vulnerability Type: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) [CWE-352]
CVE Reference: *
CXSecurity Reference: WLB-2015040034 
Impact CVSS Severity (version 2.0):
CVSS v2 Base Score: 6.8 (MEDIUM) (AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P) (legend)
Impact Subscore: 6.4
Exploitability Subscore: 8.6
CVSS Version 2 Metrics:
Access Vector: Network exploitable; Victim must voluntarily interact with attack mechanism
Access Complexity: Medium
Authentication: Not required to exploit
Impact Type: Allows unauthorized disclosure of information; Allows unauthorized modification; Allows disruption of service
Writer and Reporter: Jing Wang, Division of Mathematical Sciences (MAS), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. (@justqdjing)







Suggestion Details:


(1) Vendor & Product Description:


Vendor:
6kbbs



Product & Vulnerable Versions:
6kbbs
v7.1
v8.0



Vendor URL & download:
6kbbs can be gain from here,
http://www.6kbbs.com/download.html
http://en.sourceforge.jp/projects/sfnet_buzhang/downloads/6kbbs.zip/



Product Introduction Overview:
"6kbbs V8.0 is a PHP + MySQL built using high-performance forum, has the code simple, easy to use, powerful, fast and so on. It is an excellent community forum program. The program is simple but not simple; fast, small; Interface generous and good scalability; functional and practical pursuing superior performance, good interface, the user's preferred utility functions."

"1, using XHTML + CSS architecture, so that the structure of the page, saving transmission static page code, but also easy to modify the interface, more in line with WEB standards; 2, the Forum adopted Cookies, Session, Application and other technical data cache on the forum, reducing access to the database to improve the performance of the Forum. Can carry more users simultaneously access; 3, the data points table function, reduce the burden on the amount of data when accessing the database; 4, support for multi-skin style switching function; 5, the use of RSS technology to support subscriptions forum posts, recent posts, user's posts; 6, the display frame mode + tablet mode, the user can choose according to their own preferences to; 7. forum page optimization keyword search, so the forum more easily indexed by search engines; 8, extension, for our friends to provide a forum for a broad expansion of space services; 9, webmasters can add different top and bottom of the ad, depending on the layout; 10, post using HTML + UBB way the two editors, mutual conversion, compatible with each other; ..."




(2) Vulnerability Details:
6kbbs web application has a computer cyber security bug problem. It can be exploited by CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) attacks. This may allow an attacker to trick the victim into clicking on the image to take advantage of the trust relationship between the authenticated victim and the application. Such an attack could trick the victim into creating files that may then be called via a separate CSRF attack or possibly other means, and executed in the context of their session with the application, without further prompting or verification.

Several 6kbbs products 0-day vulnerabilities have been found by some other bug hunter researchers before. 6kbbs has patched some of them. Open Sourced Vulnerability Database (OSVDB) is an independent and open-sourced database. The goal of the project is to provide accurate, detailed, current, and unbiased technical information on security vulnerabilities. The project promotes greater, open collaboration between companies and individuals. It has published suggestions, advisories, solutions details related to csrf vulnerabilities.


(2.1) The first code programming flaw occurs at "/portalchannel_ajax.php?" page with "&id" and &code" parameters in HTTP $POST.

(2.2) The second code programming flaw occurs at "/admin.php?" page with "&fileids" parameter in HTTP $POST.






Related Articles:
http://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2015040034
http://lists.openwall.net/full-disclosure/2015/04/05/7
http://www.intelligentexploit.com/view-details.html?id=21071
http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.fulldisclosure/1819
https://www.mail-archive.com/fulldisclosure@seclists.org/msg01902.html
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2015/Apr/13
http://www.tetraph.com/security/csrf-vulnerability/6kbbs-v8-0-csrf
http://essayjeans.blog.163.com/blog/static/237173074201551435316925/
https://itinfotechnology.wordpress.com/2015/04/14/6kbbs-crsf/
http://frenchairing.blogspot.fr/2015/06/6kbbs-crsf.html
http://tetraph.blog.163.com/blog/static/234603051201551444917365/
http://diebiyi.com/articles/security/6kbbs-v8-0-csrf
http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2015/04/6kbbs-v80-multiple-csrf-cross-site.html
https://hackertopic.wordpress.com/2015/04/02/6kbbs-v8-0-multiple-csrf
http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/computer-web-security/6kbbs-v8-0-csrf

About Group (about.com) All Topics (At least 99.88% links) Vulnerable to XSS & Iframe Injection Security Attacks, About.com Open Redirect Web Security Vulnerabilities

About Group (about.com) All Topics (At least 99.88% links) Vulnerable to XSS & Iframe Injection Security Attacks, About.com Open Redirect Security Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability Description:

About.com all "topic sites" are vulnerable to XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) and Iframe Injection (Cross Frame Scripting) attacks. This means all sub-domains of about.com are affected. Based on a self-written program, 94357 links were tested. Only 118 links do not belong to the topics (Metasites) links. Meanwhile, some about.com main pages are vulnerable to XSS attack, too. This means no more than 0.125% links are not affected. At least 99.875% links of About Group are vulnerable to XSS and Iframe Injection attacks. In fact, for about.com's structure, the main domain is something just like a cover. So, very few links belong to them.

Simultaneously, the About.com main page's search field is vulnerable to XSS attacks, too. This means all domains related to about.com are vulnerable to XSS attacks.

For the Iframe Injection vulnerability. They can be used to do DDOS (Distributed Denial-of-Service Attack) to other websites, too.
Here is one example of DDOS based on Iframe Injection attacks of others.
http://www.incapsula.com/blog/world-largest-site-xss-ddos-zombies.html

In the last, some "Open Redirect" vulnerabilities related to about.com are introduced. There may be large number of other Open Redirect Vulnerabilities not detected. Since About.com are trusted by some the other websites. Those vulnerabilities can be used to do "Covert Redirect" to these websites.

Vulnerability Disclosure:

Those vulnerabilities were reported to About on Sunday, Oct 19, 2014. No one replied. Until now, they are still unpatched.

Vulnerability Discover:

Jing Wang, Division of Mathematical Sciences (MAS), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. (@Justqdjing)

http://www.tetraph.com/wangjing

(1) Some Basic Background

(1.1) Domain Description:

http://www.about.com/

http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/about.com

"For March 2014, 61,428,000 unique visitors were registered by comScore for About.com, making it the 16th-most-visited online property for that month." (The New York Times)

"About.com, also known as The About Group (formerly About Inc.), is an Internet-based network of content that publishes articles and videos about various subjects on its "topic sites," of which there are nearly 1,000. The website competes with other online resource sites and encyclopedias, including those of the Wikimedia Foundation, and, for March 2014, 61,428,000 unique visitors were registered by comScore for About.com, making it the 16th-most-visited online property for that month. As of August 2012, About.com is the property of IAC, owner of Ask.com and numerous other online brands, and its revenue is generated by advertising." (Wikipedia)

"As of May 2013, About.com was receiving about 84 million unique monthly visitors." (TechCrunch. AOL Inc.)

"According to About's online media kit, nearly 1,000 "Experts" (freelance writers) contribute to the site by writing on various topics, including healthcare and travel." (About.com)

(1.2) Topics Related to About.com

"The Revolutionary About.com Directory and Community Metasite. Hundreds of real live passionate Guides covering Arts, Entertainment, Business, Industry, Science, Technology, Culture, Health, Fitness, Games,Travel, News, Careers, Jobs, Sports, Recreation, Parenting, Kids, Teens, Moms, Education, Computers, Hobbies and Local Information." (azlist.about.com)

About.com - Sites A to Z 

Number of Topics

A: 66

B: 61

C: 118

D: 49

E: 33

F: 57

G: 39

H: 48

I: 32

J: 15

K: 13

L: 36

M: 70

N: 26

O: 23

P: 91

Q: 4

R: 32

S: 104

T: 47

U: 12

V: 9

W: 43

X: 1

Y: 4

Z: 1

SUM: 1039

Reference:

azlist.about.com/

In fact, those are not all topics of about.com. Some of the topics are not listed here such as,

http://specialchildren.about.com

So, there are more than 1000 topics related to about.com.

(1.3) Result of Exploiting XSS Attacks

XSS may allow a remote attacker to create a specially crafted request that would execute arbitrary script code in a user's browser session within the trust relationship between their browser and the server. 

Base on Acunetix, exploited XSS is commonly used to achieve the following malicious results:

    "Identity theft

    Accessing sensitive or restricted information

    Gaining free access to otherwise paid for content

    Spying on user’s web browsing habits

    Altering browser functionality

    Public defamation of an individual or corporation

    Web application defacement

    Denial of Service attacks (DOS)

" (Acunetix)

(1.4) Basics of Iframe Injection (Cross-frame-Scripting) Vulnerabilities

"In an XFS (Cross-frame-Scripting) attack, the attacker exploits a specific cross-frame-scripting bug in a web browser to access private data on a third-party website. The attacker induces the browser user to navigate to a web page the attacker controls; the attacker's page loads a third-party page in an HTML frame; and then JavaScript executing in the attacker's page steals data from the third-party page." (OWASP)

"XFS also sometimes is used to describe an XSS attack which uses an HTML frame in the attack. For example, an attacker might exploit a Cross Site Scripting Flaw to inject a frame into a third-party web page; or an attacker might create a page which uses a frame to load a third-party page with an XSS flaw." (OWASP)

(1.5) Basic of Open Redirect (Dest Redirect Privilege Escalation) Vulnerabilities

"An open redirect is an application that takes a parameter and redirects a user to the parameter value without any validation. This vulnerability is used in phishing attacks to get users to visit malicious sites without realizing it." (OWASP)

Open redirect is listed in OWASP top 10. The general consensus of it is "avoiding such flaws is extremely important, as they are a favorite target of phishers trying to gain the user's trust."

Several other similar products 0-day vulnerabilities have been found by some other bug hunter researchers before. CNN has patched some of them. "The Full Disclosure mailing list is a public forum for detailed discussion of vulnerabilities and exploitation techniques, as well as tools, papers, news, and events of interest to the community. FD differs from other security lists in its open nature and support for researchers' right to decide how to disclose their own discovered bugs. The full disclosure movement has been credited with forcing vendors to better secure their products and to publicly acknowledge and fix flaws rather than hide them. Vendor legal intimidation and censorship attempts are not tolerated here!" A great many of the following web securities have been published here, Injection, Broken Authentication and Session Management, Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), Insecure Direct Object References, Security Misconfiguration, Sensitive Data Exposure, Missing Function Level Access Control, Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF), Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities, Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards. It also publishes suggestions, advisories, solutions details related to XSS and URL Redirection vulnerabilities and cyber intelligence recommendations.

(2) About Group About.com All Topics (At least 99.88% links) Vulnerable to XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) Security Attacks

Domain:

http://www.about.com/

Vulnerability description:

A method was found to attack users of About.com based XSS attacks. 

All links under the topics of about.com can be used for this attack.

Just attach "/lr/" to any About.com's sub-domains. Then attach "any codes + sciript" or attach "script" code directly is OK. The structure is "http://subdomain.about.com/lr/*/script_code/*".

The vulnerability can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Mozilla Firefox (26.0) in Ubuntu (14.04) and Microsoft IE (9.0.15) in Windows 7.

POC Codes, e.g.

/"><svg/onload=alert(/justqdjing/)>

http://ipod.about.com/lr/ipad_how-tos/9033"><svg/onload=alert(/justqdjing/)>

http://bizfinance.about.com/lr/businesscredit/fl/5-Ways-to-Start-Establishing-Business-Identity-Theft-Protection.htm/"><svg/onload=alert(/justqdjing/)>

http://recycling.about.com/lr/Collecting/ss/EPS-Recycling-5-Reasons-Why-and-2-Why-Not.htm/"><svg/onload=alert(/justqdjing/)>

http://dc.about.com/lr/shopping/a/BlkFriday.htm/"><svg/onload=alert(/justqdjing/)>

http://healthtech.about.com/lr/Patient-Portals/fl/5-Ways-a-Patient-Portal-Can-Improve-Your-Health-Care-Experience.htm/"><svg/onload=alert(/justqdjing/)>

POC Video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5yELiJBxWo&feature=youtu.be

Blog Detail:

http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2015/02/about-group-aboutcom-all-topics-at_2.html

http://tetraph.com/security/xss-vulnerability/about-group-about-com-all-topics-at-least-99-88-links-vulnerable-to-xss-cross-site-scripting-security-attacks/

(3) About Group About.com Main Page's Search Field XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) Security Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability description:

The web application About.com online website has a security bug problem. It can be exploited by XSS attacks.

The code programming flaw occurs at about.com main page's search field, e.g.

http://www.about.com/?q=googleandroidsystem

POC Codes, e.g.

"--/>"><img src=x onerror=prompt(/justqdjing/)>

http://www.about.com/?q="--/>"><img src=x onerror=prompt(/justqdjing/)>

POC Video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H4G7b_Jkqvw&feature=youtu.be

Blog Details:

http://tetraph.com/security/xss-vulnerability/about-group-about-com-main-pages-search-field-xss-cross-site-scripting-security-vulnerabilities/

http://securitypitch.com/about-group-about-com-content-network-vulnerable-to-xss-iframe-injection-security-attacks-433/

http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2015/02/about-group-aboutcom-main-pages-search.html

(4) About Group About.com All Topics (At least 99.88% links) Vulnerable to Iframe Injection (Cross Frame Scripting) Security Attacks

Vulnerability description:

About Group has a security problem. It can be exploited by Iframe Injection (Cross Frame Scripting) attacks.

The vulnerability occurs at about.com "offsite.htm" page with "zu" parameter, e.g.

http://internationalinvest.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=internationalinvest&cdn=prep&tm=2&f=21&tt=14&bt=0&bts=1&zu=http%3A//facebook.com/yahoo

Use "http://whitehatpost.blog.163.com/" for the following test.

The vulnerabilities can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Microsoft IE (10.0.9200.16750) of Windows 8, Mozilla Firefox (34.0) & Google Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0 ubuntu0.14.04.1.1064 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04)，Apple Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X Lion 10.7. 

Vulnerable URLs:

http://homerenovations.about.com/od/fundingyourrenovation/tp/8-Remodels-That-Maximize-Curb-Appeal-For-Higher-Selling-Price.htm

http://publishing.about.com/od/Childrens-and-YA-Books/fl/A-Literary-linkedin-Agents-ebay-Advice-Hao123-to-Childrens-and-Bing-Sohu-YA-Dailymail-Authors-Snapdeal.htm

http://chinesefood.about.com/od/chickenrecipes/tp/chicken-stir-fry-flipkart-adobe-alipay-pork-dropbox-blogger-github-jd-chinadaily-huffingtonpost-Livedoor-Buzzfeed-Themeforest-Godaddy.htm

http://menshair.about.com/od/facialhair/qt/growbeard-ask-360cn-mailru-gmw-googleleadservices-bbc-pornhub-peoplecn-rakuten-nicovideo-dailymotion-1-dmm-deviantart.htm/

http://jobsearch.about.com/od/coverletters/a/types-sogou-outbrain-booking-chase-pixnet-reddit-pinterest-vk-msn-imdb-of-cover-qq-letters-bankofamerica-twitter-Wikia-Etsy.htm

http://testprep.about.com/od/The-Redesigned-PSAT/fl/Redesigned-PSAT-101-Flickr-Globo-Xnxx-Tudou-Yelp-Douban-Ameblo-33-Vimeo-Ettoday-Redtube-Directrev-Salesforce-Coccoc.htm

POC:
http://fictionwriting.about.com//gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=internationalinvest&cdn=prep&tm=2&f=21&tt=14&bt=0&bts=1&zu=http%3A//tetraph.com

http://internationalinvest.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=internationalinvest&cdn=prep&tm=2&f=21&tt=14&bt=0&bts=1&zu=http%3A//tetraph.com

http://inventors.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=internationalinvest&cdn=prep&tm=2&f=21&tt=14&bt=0&bts=1&zu=http%3A//itinfotechnology.wordpress.com

http://sbinformation.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=internationalinvest&cdn=prep&tm=2&f=21&tt=14&bt=0&bts=1&zu=http%3A//tetraph.com/security

http://ancienthistory.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=internationalinvest&cdn=prep&tm=2&f=21&tt=14&bt=0&bts=1&zu=http%3A//inzeed.com/security

http://specialchildren.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=internationalinvest&cdn=prep&tm=2&f=21&tt=14&bt=0&bts=1&zu=http%3A//diebiyi.com/security

http://womenshistory.about.com//gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=internationalinvest&cdn=prep&tm=2&f=21&tt=14&bt=0&bts=1&zu=http%3A//diebiyi.com/security

http://budgetdecorating.about.com/o/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=internationalinvest&cdn=prep&tm=2&f=21&tt=14&bt=0&bts=1&zu=http%3A//diebiyi.com/security

http://makeup.about.com//gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=internationalinvest&cdn=prep&tm=2&f=21&tt=14&bt=0&bts=1&zu=http%3A//diebiyi.com/security

POC Video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hx_sdDmSkg0&feature=youtu.be

Blog Details:
http://tetraph.com/security/iframe-injection/about-group-about-com-all-topics-at-least-99-88-links-vulnerable-to-iframe-injection-cross-frame-scripting-security-attacks/
http://securitypitch.com/about-group-about-com-content-network-vulnerable-to-xss-iframe-injection-security-attacks-433/
http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2015/02/about-group-aboutcom-all-topics-at.html

(5) About (about.com) Open Redirect Multiple (Dest Redirect Privilege Escalation) Security Vulnerabilities

About Group online web application has a computer cyber security bug problem. It can be exploited by Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards (URL Redirection) attacks. This could allow a user to create a specially crafted URL, that if clicked, would redirect a victim from the intended legitimate web site to an arbitrary web site of the attacker's choosing. Such attacks are useful as the crafted URL initially appear to be a web page of a trusted site. This could be leveraged to direct an unsuspecting user to a web page containing attacks that target client side software such as a web browser or document rendering programs.

The vulnerabilities can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Microsoft IE (10.0.9200.16750) of Windows 8, Mozilla Firefox (34.0) & Google Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0 ubuntu0.14.04.1.1064 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04)，Apple Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X Lion 10.7. 

Use one of webpages for the following tests. The webpage address is "http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/". Suppose that this webpage is malicious.

Vulnerable URL 1:

http://www.about.com/snf.htm?u=http://www.instagram.com/facebook/craigslist

POC:

http://www.about.com/snf.htm?u=http://www.inzeed.com/essayjeans/poems/thatday.html

Vulnerable URL 2:

http://clk.about.com/?zi=13/1tO&ity=boostOrg&o=0&eng=boost&zu=http://paypal.com/imgur/xinhuanet

POC:

http://clk.about.com/?zi=13/1tO&ity=boostOrg&o=0&eng=boost&zu=http://www.inzeed.com/netflix/stackoverflow

Vulnerable URL 3:

http://wzus1.index.about.com/r?t=v&d=im&u=http%3A%2F%2Ft.co%2fxvideos%2fsoso%2f%naver%2fkickass.so

POC:

http://wzus1.index.about.com/r?t=v&d=im&u=http://www.diebiyi.com/xhamster/diply/onclickads.net 

POC Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZCUAJ44FsU&feature=youtu.be

Blog Details:
http://tetraph.com/security/open-redirect/about-about-com-open-redirect-multiple-dest-redirect-privilege-escalation-security-vulnerabilities/
http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2015/02/about-aboutcom-unvalidated-redirects.html

More Details:

http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2015/Feb/9

http://lists.openwall.net/full-disclosure/2015/02/02/4

https://www.mail-archive.com/fulldisclosure%40seclists.org/msg01647.html

http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2015/02/about-group-aboutcom-all-topics-at_37.html

http://tetraph.com/security/xss-vulnerability/about-group-about-com-all-topics-at

http://webcabinet.tumblr.com/post/118901412227/securitypost-about-group-99-88-xss

http://xingzhehong.lofter.com/post/1cfd0db2_6f05d60

https://hackertopic.wordpress.com/2015/02/03/about-group-xss-xfs/

http://itinfotech.tumblr.com/post/120845059171/about-group-xss-xfs

http://itprompt.blogspot.com/2015/06/about-group-xss-xfs.html

https://plus.google.com/u/0/100242269120759811496/posts/T3SbFnTZGAo

https://itinfotechnology.wordpress.com/2015/03/24/about-group

https://www.facebook.com/websecuritiesnews/posts/803853789734793

https://twitter.com/essayjeans/status/607137800383655936

http://tetraph.blog.163.com/blog/static/2346030512015566409245/

https://www.facebook.com/pcwebsecurities/posts/687872271358693

http://itsecurity.lofter.com/post/1cfbf9e7_733e1e5

https://webtechwire.wordpress.com/2015/02/12/about-xss-xfs/

http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/web-security/about-group-xss-xrf-open-redirect/

Microsoft Live Online Service OAuth 2.0 Covert Redirect Web Security Bugs (Information Leakage & Open Redirect)

Microsoft Live Online Service OAuth 2.0 Covert Redirect Web Security Bugs (Information Leakage & Open Redirect)



(1) Domain:
live.com







(2) Vulnerability Description:
Live web application has a computer security problem. Hacker can exploit it by Covert Redirect cyber attacks. 


The vulnerabilities can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Microsoft IE (10.0.9200.16750) of Windows 8, Mozilla Firefox (34.0) & Google Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0 ubuntu0.14.04.1.1064 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04)，Apple Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X Lion 10.7. 

(2.1) Vulnerability Detail:
Live's OAuth 2.0 system is susceptible to Attacks. More specifically, the authentication of parameter "&redirct_uri" in OAuth 2.0 system is insufficient. It can be misused to design Open Redirect Attacks to Live.


It increases the likelihood of successful Open Redirect Attacks to third-party websites, too.




The vulnerability was reported to Microsoft. Microsoft replies "We have completed our investigation and concluded that the vulnerability exists in idp.plane.edu.au and not login.live.com.  I would recommend reporting this issue to plane.edu.au.  We will be closing this case."




The vulnerabilities occurs at page "/oauth20_authorize.srf?" with parameter "&redirect_uri", e.g.
https://login.live.com/oauth20_authorize.srf?client_id=0000000040069047&scope=wl.basic&response_type=code&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fidp.plane.edu.au%2Fsimplesaml%2Fmodule.php%2Fmultiauth%2Fselectsource.php%3FAuthState%3D_c96d1f2d80c2dd6116e61ac3f08a7fa4c9b4454d4b%253Ahttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.tetraph.com%252Fessayjeans%252Fpoems%252Ffish_water.html [1]




Before acceptance of third-party application:
When a logged-in Live user clicks the URL ([1]) above, he/she will be asked for consent as in whether to allow a third-party website to receive his/her information. If the user clicks OK, he/she will be then redirected to the URL assigned to the parameter "&redirect_uri".



If a user has not logged onto Live and clicks the URL ([1]) above, the same situation will happen upon login.




After acceptance of third-party application:
A logged-in Live user would no longer be asked for consent and could be redirected to a webpage controlled by the attacker when he/she clicks the URL ([1]).



For a user who has not logged in, the attack could still be completed after a pop-up page that prompts him/her to log in.






(2.1.1) Live would normally allow all the URLs that belong to the domain of an authorized third-party website. However, these URLs could be prone to manipulation. For example, the "&redirect_uri" parameter in the URLs is supposed to be set by the third-party websites, but an attacker could change its value to make Attacks.



Hence, a user could be redirected from Live to a vulnerable URL in that domain first and later be redirected from this vulnerable site to a malicious site unwillingly. This is as if the user is redirected from Live directly. The number of Live's OAuth 2.0 client websites is so huge that such Attacks could be commonplace.



Before acceptance of the third-party application, Live's OAuth 2.0 system makes the redirects appear more trustworthy and could potentially increase the likelihood of successful Open Redirect Attacks of third-party website.



Once the user accepts the application, the attackers could completely bypass Live's authentication system and attack more easily.



It might be of Live's interest to patch up against such attacks.






(2.2) Used one of webpages for the following tests. The webpage is "http://lifegrey.tumblr.com/". Can suppose it is malicious.


Below is an example of a vulnerable third-party domain:
idp.plane.edu.au



Vulnerable URL in this domain:
http://idp.plane.edu.au/simplesaml/module.php/multiauth/selectsource.php?AuthState=_c96d1f2d80c2dd6116e61ac3f08a7fa4c9b4454d4b%3Ahttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.tetraph.com%2Fessayjeans%2Fpoems%2Ffish_water.html



Vulnerable URL from Live that is related to idp.plane.edu.au:
https://login.live.com/oauth20_authorize.srf?client_id=0000000040069047&scope=wl.basic&response_type=code&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fidp.plane.edu.au





POC:
https://login.live.com/oauth20_authorize.srf?client_id=0000000040069047&scope=wl.basic&response_type=code&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fidp.plane.edu.au%2Fsimplesaml%2Fmodule.php%2Fmultiauth%2Fselectsource.php%3FAuthState%3D_c96d1f2d80c2dd6116e61ac3f08a7fa4c9b4454d4b%253Ahttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.tetraph.com%252Fessayjeans%252Fpoems%252Ffish_water.html





(2.3) The following URLs have the same vulnerabilities.
https://oauth.live.com/authorize?client_id=0000000044072822&scope=wl.basic%20wl.offline_access%20wl.signin%20wl.birthday%20wl.emails%20wl.phone_numbers%20wl.postal_addresses%20wl.share%20wl.work_profile&response_type=code&redirect_uri=http://www.denglu.cc/dl_receiver.php&state=31482_windowslive_284401








POC Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3Eq6GJsHWI


Blog Detail:
http://tetraph.blogspot.com/2014/05/microsoft-lives-oauth-20-covert.html

(3) What is Covert Redirect? 

Covert Redirect is a class of security bugs disclosed in May 2014. It is an application that takes a parameter and redirects a user to the parameter value without sufficient validation. This often makes use of Open Redirect and XSS (Cross-site Scripting) vulnerabilities in third-party applications.

Covert Redirect is also related to single sign-on. It is known by its influence on OAuth and OpenID. Hacker may use it to steal users' sensitive information. Almost all OAuth 2.0 and OpenID providers worldwide are affected. Covert Redirect can work together with CSRF (Cross-site Request Forgery) as well. After Covert Redirect was published, it is kept in some common databases such as SCIP, OSVDB, Bugtraq, and X-Force. Its scipID is 13185, while OSVDB reference number is 106567. Bugtraq ID: 67196.  X-Force reference number is 93031.

Discover and Reporter:

Wang Jing, Division of Mathematical Sciences (MAS), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. (@justqdjing)

http://tetraph.com/wangjing/

Related Articles:
http://tetraph.com/security/covert-redirect/microsoft-lives-oauth-2-0-covert-redirect-vulnerablity/
https://twitter.com/tetraphibious/status/559168921534603264
https://tetraph.wordpress.com/2014/09/06/microsoft-live-vulnerability/
http://computerobsess.blogspot.com/2014/07/microsoft-live-exploit.html
http://webcabinet.tumblr.com/post/119496963567/securitypost
http://tetraph.blog.163.com/blog/static/2346030512014440315992/
http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2014/07/microsoft-live-exploit.html
http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/covert-redirect/microsoft-lives-oauth-2-0-covert-redirect-vulnerablity/
http://whitehatpost.lofter.com/post/1cc773c8_706b622
https://computertechhut.wordpress.com/2014/09/02/microsoft-live-vulnerability/